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How to Establish or Dispute Paternity in Connecticut
April 14, 2025
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Paternity—the legal recognition of a man as the father of a child—can have profound legal and financial consequences. Establishing or disputing paternity is often necessary for matters such as child custody, child support, and inheritance rights. In Connecticut, the process for establishing or disputing paternity is outlined by both state law and legal precedents. This article explores the steps involved in establishing or disputing paternity, the legal implications of each decision, and how a legal professional can help navigate the complexities of paternity cases.

Establishing Paternity in Connecticut

When paternity is not automatically recognized, establishing it may be essential for a variety of reasons, such as securing child support or pursuing custody arrangements. In Connecticut, there are several ways to establish paternity.

Voluntary Acknowledgment of Paternity

One of the simplest methods for establishing paternity in Connecticut is through a Voluntary Acknowledgment of Paternity (VAP). This occurs when both parents agree on the identity of the father and sign a legal form acknowledging his paternity. This form is typically signed at the hospital after the child's birth, though it can also be done at the Department of Social Services (DSS) or the court.

The VAP form is legally binding once signed by both parents and filed with the appropriate state agency. It is important to note that this acknowledgment can be challenged within a certain period if either parent contests it. If no challenges are made, the father is legally recognized as the child’s parent.

Paternity Testing

In cases where there is uncertainty or dispute over paternity, DNA testing can be used to establish biological fatherhood. DNA tests are highly accurate and typically involve taking a sample from the potential father, mother, and child to compare genetic markers.

The Connecticut Department of Social Services offers DNA testing services through their Child Support Services division. DNA testing is often used in situations where the mother and alleged father do not agree on paternity, and it may be ordered by the court to resolve the matter.

Court Order for Paternity

If there is no voluntary acknowledgment or agreement on paternity, the court may be asked to issue a paternity order. This can happen as part of a child support case, custody dispute, or other legal proceeding where the father’s identity needs to be established. The court will typically order genetic testing, and based on the results, it will issue a legal determination of paternity.

In some cases, a mother may also seek the assistance of the court if the alleged father is refusing to take a paternity test. In such cases, the court has the authority to compel the alleged father to submit to testing.

Disputing Paternity in Connecticut

Disputing paternity involves questioning the legal or biological relationship between a father and a child. This can be done by either the mother or the father. Disputing paternity may arise in situations such as a man being named as a father in error or when there is a need to challenge an established paternity.

Contesting a Voluntary Acknowledgment of Paternity

If a Voluntary Acknowledgment of Paternity has been signed, it is legally binding unless contested within a certain time frame. In Connecticut, if either parent wishes to challenge the acknowledgment, they must do so within 60 days of signing the form. After this period, it becomes more difficult to contest the legal acknowledgment of paternity.

The process for challenging a Voluntary Acknowledgment of Paternity typically involves petitioning the court. The individual contesting the paternity may request DNA testing or present evidence to show that the acknowledgment was made in error or under duress.

DNA Testing and Court Orders

As mentioned earlier, DNA testing is one of the most definitive ways to dispute paternity. If a man is named as the father but believes that he is not the biological parent, he can petition the court for a paternity test. DNA testing provides conclusive evidence, either supporting or disproving paternity.

If DNA tests show that the man is not the biological father, the court may dismiss any obligations, such as child support. However, if the test proves that the man is the biological father, he may be legally required to provide financial support for the child.

The Role of Family Law in Paternity Disputes

Family law plays a significant role in both establishing and disputing paternity. In Connecticut, family law covers various aspects of paternity, including child support, custody, and visitation rights. A dispute over paternity can complicate legal issues surrounding these topics.

In many cases, a lawyer specializing in family law is essential to navigating the complex legal requirements. Legal professionals can represent clients in court, ensure that the correct procedures are followed, and help secure favorable outcomes. For those seeking assistance with paternity issues, working with a skilled attorney can make a significant difference in the outcome of the case.

For example, for expert guidance and legal representation in paternity matters, you can contact Rich Rochlin Law.

Impact of Paternity Disputes on Child Support and Custody

Disputing paternity can have significant financial and emotional consequences, particularly in matters such as child support and custody. If paternity is disputed or overturned, the implications for both parents and the child must be carefully considered.

In cases where a man is found not to be the biological father, he may be relieved of financial obligations such as child support. However, this does not necessarily relieve him of moral or emotional obligations, especially if he has been involved in the child’s life.

Conversely, if paternity is established or contested after years of emotional bonding, issues of custody and visitation rights may arise. Establishing paternity opens the door to potential custody or visitation requests, while disputing paternity may lead to the cessation of such rights.

Legal Assistance in Paternity Cases

Given the complexity of establishing or disputing paternity, legal representation is often crucial in Connecticut. An experienced family law attorney can guide individuals through the necessary steps, represent them in court, and help them achieve their desired outcome.

Whether you are looking to establish paternity for child support or dispute an established paternity due to errors or new information, legal assistance can help you navigate the process. An attorney can assist in obtaining paternity tests, filing court petitions, and advising on potential outcomes.

For individuals seeking more information about family law matters, including paternity, you can explore resources or consult with an attorney who specializes in family law.

Conclusion

Establishing or disputing paternity in Connecticut is a legal process that involves several important steps, from voluntary acknowledgment and DNA testing to court orders and legal challenges. Understanding the legal procedures involved is vital for ensuring that the rights of all parties—parents and children alike—are protected. Whether establishing paternity for child support or disputing it for other reasons, it’s essential to work with a knowledgeable attorney to navigate the legal complexities and achieve a favorable resolution.

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