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How Ohio’s Laws Impact Your Injury Claim
April 10, 2025
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Navigating a personal injury claim in Ohio can be complex due to the state's unique legal framework. Whether you've suffered harm in a car accident, a slip and fall, or another incident caused by someone else's negligence, understanding Ohio’s laws can significantly affect the outcome of your case. This guide breaks down key legal aspects that influence injury claims in Ohio.

Ohio’s Statute of Limitations for Personal Injury Claims

Ohio law imposes a strict deadline, known as the statute of limitations, for filing personal injury lawsuits. Under Ohio Revised Code (ORC) § 2305.10(A), injury victims generally have two years from the date of the incident to file a claim. If a lawsuit is not initiated within this timeframe, the injured party may lose the right to seek compensation.

Exceptions to the Statute of Limitations

  • Minor Victims – If the injured party is a minor, the two-year period does not begin until they turn 18.

  • Discovery Rule – In cases where an injury is not immediately apparent, the statute of limitations may begin when the injury is discovered or should have been discovered.

  • Government Entities – If the injury involves a government agency, additional procedural rules and shorter deadlines may apply.

Comparative Negligence in Ohio Personal Injury Cases

Ohio follows a comparative negligence rule when determining fault in personal injury cases. According to ORC § 2315.33, an injured party can recover damages only if they are less than 51% at fault for the accident.

How Comparative Negligence Affects Compensation

  • If the injured party is less than 50% at fault, their compensation is reduced in proportion to their percentage of fault.

  • If the injured party is 50% or more at fault, they cannot recover any damages.

For example, if a plaintiff is found 20% at fault for a car accident and the total damages amount to $100,000, the plaintiff would only receive $80,000 in compensation.

Damage Caps on Personal Injury Cases in Ohio

Ohio law imposes certain limits on the amount of non-economic damages (such as pain and suffering) that an injured party can recover in some cases. ORC § 2315.18 outlines these limitations:

  • Non-Economic Damages: Capped at $250,000 or three times the amount of economic damages, whichever is greater, with a maximum of $350,000 per plaintiff.

  • Punitive Damages: Limited to two times the amount of compensatory damages or $350,000, whichever is less.

However, there are no caps on damages for catastrophic injuries, such as permanent disfigurement or loss of limb.

Filing a Personal Injury Claim in Ohio

Steps to Take After an Injury

  1. Seek Medical Attention – Even if injuries seem minor, obtaining medical care is essential for both health and legal reasons.

  2. Gather Evidence – Collect accident reports, witness statements, and medical records to support the claim.

  3. Consult a Personal Injury Attorney – Legal professionals can help navigate Ohio’s injury laws and maximize compensation.

  4. File a Claim Within the Deadline – Ensure compliance with Ohio’s statute of limitations to avoid losing the right to file a lawsuit.

For additional guidance, consult this resource on legal representation in personal injury cases.

Common Types of Personal Injury Cases in Ohio

  • Car Accidents – Often caused by distracted driving, speeding, or impaired driving.

  • Slip and Fall Accidents – Property owners may be held liable if they fail to maintain safe conditions.

  • Medical Malpractice – Cases involving negligent healthcare professionals or hospitals.

  • Workplace Injuries – May be covered by workers’ compensation but could involve third-party liability claims.

  • Product Liability – Injuries caused by defective or dangerous products.

For a deeper understanding of personal injury law, refer to this guide.

Ohio’s Insurance Requirements and Personal Injury Claims

Minimum Auto Insurance Coverage in Ohio

Ohio operates under a fault-based system, meaning the party responsible for an accident is also responsible for covering damages. The state mandates the following minimum auto insurance coverage:

  • $25,000 per person for bodily injury liability

  • $50,000 per accident for bodily injury liability

  • $25,000 for property damage liability

Uninsured and Underinsured Motorist Coverage

Although not required, uninsured and underinsured motorist coverage can provide financial protection if an at-fault driver lacks adequate insurance.

Seeking Legal Assistance for an Injury Claim

Navigating Ohio’s legal system can be overwhelming for injury victims. Experienced legal counsel can help ensure fair compensation by:

  • Assessing the case’s value

  • Negotiating with insurance companies

  • Representing clients in court if necessary

For dedicated legal representation, consider reaching out to Cooper Elliott, a firm with extensive experience in handling Ohio personal injury cases.

Conclusion

Understanding Ohio’s personal injury laws is crucial when pursuing compensation for an accident. Key factors such as the statute of limitations, comparative negligence, and damage caps can all impact a claim's outcome. Seeking legal guidance can help ensure that injury victims receive the compensation they deserve while navigating Ohio’s complex legal landscape.

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